%0 Journal Article %J Arch Sex Behav %D 2014 %T A qualitative examination of men's condom use attitudes and resistance: "it's just part of the game". %A Davis, Kelly Cue %A Schraufnagel, Trevor J %A Kajumulo, Kelly F %A Gilmore, Amanda K %A Norris, Jeanette %A George, William H %K Adult %K Condoms %K Female %K Focus Groups %K Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice %K Humans %K Male %K Qualitative Research %K Risk-Taking %K Sexual Behavior %K Sexual Partners %K Sexually Transmitted Diseases %K Unsafe Sex %X
The purpose of this study was to investigate the variability in young heterosexual men's perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of condom use in their casual sexual relationships. Because men who perceive greater disadvantages of condom use may be more likely to resist using them, we also explored the tactics that men employ to avoid using condoms. Semi-structured focus groups were conducted with single men who have sex with women (n = 60), aged 21-35 years, all of whom reported using condoms inconsistently. Transcripts were analyzed using a framework analysis approach. As expected, participants reported advantages and disadvantages to condom use that pertained to the likelihood and quality of sex, physical sensations during intercourse, and the risk of sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies. Within each of these topics, however, participants' appraisals of the relative pros and cons of condom use varied considerably. Additionally, participants reported that men use a wide range of condom use resistance tactics, including seduction, deception, and condom sabotage, and that the use of these tactics was viewed as normative behavior for men their age. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of sexual health prevention efforts could be enhanced by increasing young men's motivations to use condoms and by targeting social norms regarding condom use resistance. Additionally, the issue of men's condom use resistance clearly merits increased empirical investigation and intervention attention.
%B Arch Sex Behav %V 43 %P 631-43 %8 2014 Apr %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1007/s10508-013-0150-9 %0 Journal Article %J Psychol Violence %D 2012 %T Childhood Sexual Abuse and Acute Alcohol Effects on Men's Sexual Aggression Intentions. %A Davis, Kelly Cue %A Schraufnagel, Trevor J %A Jacques-Tiura, Angela J %A Norris, Jeanette %A George, William H %A Kiekel, Preston A %XOBJECTIVE: Although research has established childhood sexual abuse (CSA) as a risk factor for men's perpetration of sexual aggression, there has been little investigation of the factors undergirding this association. This study represents one of the first to use a laboratory-based sexual aggression analogue coupled with an alcohol administration protocol to investigate the pathways through which CSA and alcohol influence men's self-reported sexual aggression intentions. METHOD: After completing background questionnaires, male social drinkers (N = 220) were randomly assigned to a control, placebo, low alcohol dose or high alcohol dose condition. Following beverage consumption, participants read a sexual scenario in which the female partner refused to have unprotected sexual intercourse, after which they completed dependent measures. RESULTS: Path analysis indicated that men with a CSA history and intoxicated men perceived the female character as more sexually aroused and reported stronger sexual entitlement cognitions, both of which were in turn associated with greater condom use resistance and higher sexual aggression intentions. Exploratory analyses revealed that intoxication moderated the effects of CSA history on sexual entitlement cognitions, such that sexual entitlement cognitions were highest for men who had a CSA history and consumed alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that CSA history may facilitate sexual assault perpetration through its effects on in-the-moment cognitions, and that these effects may be exacerbated by alcohol intoxication.
%B Psychol Violence %V 2 %P 179-193 %8 2012 Apr 1 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1037/a0027185 %0 Journal Article %J J Interpers Violence %D 2012 %T Men's alcohol intoxication and condom use during sexual assault perpetration. %A Davis, Kelly Cue %A Kiekel, Preston A %A Schraufnagel, Trevor J %A Norris, Jeanette %A George, William H %A Kajumulo, Kelly F %K Adult %K Alcohol Drinking %K Alcoholic Intoxication %K Condoms %K Crime Victims %K Humans %K Internal-External Control %K Male %K Prevalence %K Rape %K Risk-Taking %K Sex Offenses %K Sexual Partners %K Young Adult %XWe assessed the association between alcohol consumption and condom use during penetrative sexual assault acts perpetrated by young adult men. Men aged 21 to 35 who reported inconsistent condom use and heavy episodic drinking (N = 225) completed a questionnaire assessing their perpetration of sexual assault since the age of 15, their consumption of alcohol prior to these acts, and their use of condoms during acts involving penetration. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square tests were used to examine the simultaneous use of alcohol and condom nonuse during penetrative sexual assault acts. More than one third of respondents reported perpetrating at least one penetrative sexual assault 35.6% (n = 79). Condoms were not used in 70.0% of penetrative sexual assaults. When they had consumed alcohol, perpetrators were significantly less likely to use condoms. The sexual assaults reported by this sample typically consisted of perpetrator alcohol consumption and the nonuse of condoms. Programs targeting sexual health and assault risk reduction would be enhanced by addressing this interplay of alcohol, violence, and risk.
%B J Interpers Violence %V 27 %P 2790-806 %8 2012 Sep %G eng %N 14 %R 10.1177/0886260512438277 %0 Journal Article %J Child Abuse Negl %D 2010 %T Childhood sexual abuse in males and subsequent risky sexual behavior: a potential alcohol-use pathway. %A Schraufnagel, Trevor J %A Davis, Kelly Cue %A George, William H %A Norris, Jeanette %K Adult %K Alcoholism %K Child %K Child Abuse, Sexual %K Humans %K Male %K Risk-Taking %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Unsafe Sex %K Washington %K Young Adult %XOBJECTIVE: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among boys has been associated with a variety of subsequent maladaptive behaviors. This study explored a potential connection between CSA and an increased likelihood of risky sexual behavior in adulthood. Further, the study examined whether or not alcohol use may contribute to this relationship.
METHOD: As part of a study on alcohol and sexual decision-making, 280 heterosexual men completed multiple background questionnaires pertaining to past and current sexual experiences and patterns of alcohol use. CSA history was obtained and severity ratings were made based on type of contact reported.
RESULTS: CSA was reported by 56 men (20%). Structural equation modeling revealed that CSA positively predicted number of sexual partners directly as well as indirectly, through its effect on alcohol use. Specifically, greater CSA severity predicted significantly lower age of first intoxication, which in turn predicted greater current alcohol consumption, followed by greater use of alcohol before sexual intercourse, leading to an increased number of reported sexual partners. The reported frequency of condom use was not predicted by CSA severity or the alcohol-use pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that CSA influences risky sexual behavior via multiple pathways and that more severe CSA may lead to elevated sexual risk indices. Moreover, these results suggest that men may elevate their risk of sexually transmitted infections via high numbers of sexual partners versus irregular condom use.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: These results highlight the need for adequate assessment and early interventions in order to mitigate the effects CSA may have on subsequent alcohol use and risky sexual behavior. Secondly, ensuring that male CSA victims understand the inherent risks of high numbers of sexual partners may be an effective strategy to interrupt the path toward risk-taking.
%B Child Abuse Negl %V 34 %P 369-78 %8 2010 May %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.08.013